Simferopol- City Information
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Simferopol (Greek: Simferopolis, meaning city of common good; Crimean Tatar: Aqmescit, literally: The white mosque) is the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea in southern Ukraine. As the capital of Crimea, Simferopol is an important political, economic, and transport center of the peninsula. Nowadays the population of Simferopol is about 400,000 people most of whom are ethnic Russians, with the rest being Ukrainian and Crimean Tatar minorities. It is the biggest city in the Crimea, a center of economic, cultural and scientific life of the republic. The city lies on the Salhir River.
Archaeological evidence in Simferopol indicates the existence of an ancient Scythian city, collectively known as the Scythian Neapol. The location was also home to a Crimean Tatar town, Aqmescit. After the annexation of the Crimean Khanate to the Russian Empire, the city's name was changed to its present Simferopol. After Russian Civil War Simferopol became the capital of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
During World War II Simferopol suffered Nazi occupation from November 1, 1941 to April 13, 1944. It was renamed "Gotenburg" during this period. The city survived largest war-time massacres when over 22,000 locals were killed. In April 1944, the Red Army liberated Simferopol. On May 18, 1944, the Crimean Tatar population of the city along with the whole Crimean Tatar nation of Crimea was forcibly deported to Central Asia in a form of collective punishment. On April 26, 1954, Simferopol, together with the rest of the Crimean Oblast, was transferred from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic by Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Simferopol became the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea within newly independent Ukraine
After the Crimean Tatars were allowed to return from exile in the 1990s, several new Crimean Tatar suburbs were constructed, as many more Tatars returned to the city compared to number of exiled in 1944. Land ownership between the current residents and returning Crimean Tatars is a major area of conflict today with the Tatars requesting the return of lands seized after their deportation
As the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Simferopol houses its political structure including the Parliament and Council of Ministers Simferopol is also the administrative center of the Simferopolskyi Raion. Simferopol has a main railway station, which serves millions of tourists each year. The city is also connected via the Simferopol International Airport, which was constructed in 1936.
Simferopol is a home to the largest collection of higher education institutions in Crimea, a number of research institutions and Crimean Academy of Sciences.
Among the city’s cultural facilities are the theatres of Ukrainian Music and Drama and Russian Drama, a puppet theatre, a circus, a philharmonic orchestra, the Simferopol Art Museum, the Crimean Ethnographical Museum, the Crimean Republican Museum of Regional Studies.
In fact Simferopol itself is not a tourist destination, but is the main gate where all the roads leading to all the corners of beautiful Crimean land cross.
However city's temples and parks, well-groomed streets in the central part of the city, a unique Russian Drama Theater and splendid museums, stylish buildings, dated back to the beginning of the last century all can impress the tourist that decide to stay there for several days.
Among most impressive Simferopol sights and historical ad architectural landmarks are a beautiful building of the railway terminal located in Vokzalnaya Square, reconstructed Kebir-Jami mosque, Vorontsov’s house, how belonging to the Crimean Academy of Sciences, Milgauzen’s house, Svyatotroitskaya Church, the monument to Sanctifier Luka, the monument to Alexander Suvorov, an obelisk in honor to Yuri Dolgoruky, the remains of the ancient settlement "Neapolis-Scythian".
More about Simferopol at Wikipedia
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