Lithuania - Country Information

Lithuania info

Vilnius

Nature has been generous to Lithuania. Although there are no mountains or great forests, the country's beauty lies in the diversity of its landscape. This is a place of rolling hills and gentle plains; of quietly flowing rivers and of lakes which reflect the blueness of the sky. The largest river, the Nemunas, gathers and carries the waters of many tributaries to the Baltic Sea, wherein lies Lithuania's famous "amber coast". Called the Curonian Spit, it is a sixty mile-long bank of sand dunes and pine trees which stretches from the southwest to the seaport of Klaipeda and encloses the vast Curonian Lagoon. For centuries, amber, Lithuania's precious harvest of the sea, has been washed onto these golden sands.

The Lithuanian state arose and strengthened to counter the religious fervour of crusading Germanic knights. The largest area of Lithuanian territory became part of Russia after the partition Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. After World War I and the collapse of the Russian Empire, Lithuania declared independence. It was independent for about 20 years from 1918 to 1940 when it was annexed by the Soviet Union. From June 1941 to 1944, it was occupied by German troops, with whom Lithuania served in World War II. Some 240,000 Jews were massacred in Lithuania during the Nazi years. In 1944, the Soviets again annexed Lithuania.

On 11 March 1990, Lithuania became the first of the Soviet republics to declare its independence, but this proclamation was not generally recognized until September of 1991 (following the abortive coup in Moscow). The last Russian troops withdrew in 1993. Lithuania subsequently has restructured its economy for eventual integration into Western European institutions and was invited to join NATO and the EU in 2002.

Lithuania is a member of NATO, the Council of Europe, and the European Union as well as a full member of the Schengen Agreement since 2007. Lithuania is a multi-party, parliamentary democracy with the President as a head of state. The current Lithuanian President, Dalia Grybauskaitė was elected in on May 17, 2009 becoming the nations first female President in the country's history.

After gaining its independence Lithuanian experienced a transition period from the communist economic system to a Western-style market economy. And by 2003, before joining the European Union, Lithuania had the highest economic growth rate amongst all candidate and member countries. Major Industries: Metal-cutting machine tools, electric motors, television sets, refrigerators and freezers, petroleum refining, shipbuilding (small ships), furniture making, textiles, food processing, fertilizers, agricultural machinery, optical equipment, electronic components, computers, amber. Lithuania has an industrial and agricultural economy and is is making efforts and taking measures to raise its agriculture to western standards. family farms and farms owned by corporate houses. The number of organic farms in the country is growing continuously. Agricultural exports included fish, milk, butter, cheese etc. Almost 80% of the total agricultural products are exported to Russia.

Lithuania has 3 international airports (In Vilnius, Kaunas and Palanga) and developed road and rail transportation. The country is a popular tourist destination with a famous seaside resort of Palanga. Top attractions include the Old Town of Vilnius, the Lithuanian capital; Lithuania's Hill of Crosses; Neringa (Curonian Spit): a breathtaking peninsula off the southern Lithuanian coast included in Unesco World Heritage List; Kernave Archeological Site, which is another Unesco World Heritage object; Trakai Castle, Europos Parkas, contemporary art museum; Aukstaitijos National Park; the medieval-era capital Trakai;

More about Lithuania at Wikipedia

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