Kerch- City Information
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Kerch is a city on the Kerch Peninsula of eastern Crimea, an important industrial, transport and tourist centre of Ukraine.
This most ancient city of the Crimea was founded by the Milesian Greeks more then 26 centuries ago. This first trade station – Pantikapeum – initiated the Hellenic colonization of the peninsular. Soon the settlements sprang up nearby and the city created the powerful Bosporus Empire. For 9 centuries Pantikapeum was its capital. Later, during the rule of Mithradates VI Eupator, Panticapaeum for a short period of time became the capital of much more powerful and extensive Kingdom of Pontus. In 1st century AD Panticapaeum and the Kingdom of Bosporus suffered from Ostrogoth raids, then the city was devastated by the Huns in AD 375.
In the Middle ages city was under Byzantine Empire control and a citadel named Bospor was built there. In the 7th century the Turkic Khazars took control of Bospor. Following the fall of Khazaria to Kievan Rus' in the late 10th century, Kerch became the centre of a Khazar successor-state. From the 10th century the city was a Slavic settlement named Korchev, which belonged to the Tmutarakan principality. The city survived the Mongol invasion, wasa Genoese colony and a slave-market under the rule of the Ottoman Empire.
In the 18th century Kerch ceded to Russia By the Peace Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji and developed into an important trade and fishing port. After suffering a decline during the First World War and the Russian Civil War, the city resumed its growth in the late 1920s, with the expansion of various industries, iron ore and metallurgy in particular.
During the Great Patriotic War of 1941 to 1945, Kerch was the site of heavy fighting between Soviet Army and Axis forces. Kerch was taken by the taken by the Germans twice and suffered occupation. Kerch was finally liberated on 11 April 1944. After the War the city was awarded the title Hero City.
Today Kerch is considered as a city of metallurgists, shipbuilders and fishermen. Construction-materials, food processing, and light industries play a significant role in the city's economy. Kerch is also a fishing fleet base and an important processing centre for numerous fish products.
Having rich history and numerous archeological landmarks, as well as the seaside location and several mud-cure sources near the city, Kerch, however is underdeveloped as a resort area due to the industrial character of the city and associated pollution.
Kerch has a number of impressive architectural and historical monuments. Ancient historical heritage of the city makes it attractive for scientific tourism. The most notable of Kerch's sights are:
Site of ancient settlement Pantikapaeum (5th century BC–3rd century AD). Tsarskiy Kurghan (4th century BC) - burial mound for one of Bosporian kings. Church of St. John the Baptist (AD 717) Fortress of Yenikale (18th century) The Great Mithridates Staircase leading on top of the Mount Mithridat, contains 428 footsteps, built in 1833–1840 under the guidance of Italian architect A. Digbi. Obelisk of Glory on the Mount Mithridat, built after World War II.Memorial of heroic guerilla warfare in Adzhimushkay mines. Kerch Fortress, restricted area in soviet times, free to enter in present days. The fortress was built by the Russian military architect Totleben in the middle of 19th century. Sites of ancient settlements Mirmecium, Tiritaka and Nimphei. There are also some settlements gone underwater due to earthquakes So called Demetra`s Crypt, a crypt with numerous frescos dated 1st century BC.
More about Kerch at Wikipedia
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