Feodosiya - City Information
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Feodosiya info
Feodosiya is a port and resort city in Crimea, Ukraine, on the Black Sea coast. During much of its history the town was known as Caffa.
The city was founded as Theodosia by Greek colonists from Miletos in the 6th century BC. Noted for its rich agricultural lands, on which its trade depended, it was destroyed by the Huns in the 4th century AD.
Theodosia remained a minor village for much of the next nine hundred years. It was at times part of the sphere of influence of the Khazars (excavations have revealed Khazar artifacts dating back to the ninth century) and of the Byzantine Empire.
Like the rest of Crimea, it fell under the domination of the Kipchaks and was conquered by the Mongols in the 1230s. The town was later purchased by the traders from the Republic of Genoa who established the settlement called Caffa that became a chief port and administrative centre for the Genoese settlements around the Sea and of Europe's biggest slave markets. In 1462 Caffa placed itself under the protection of King Casimir IV of Poland and in in 1475 came unde the rule of the Ottoman Empire. Renamed Kefe, Caffa became one of the most important Turkish ports on the Black Sea. The town became a part of Tavricheskaya Ovlast (distriks) under the rule of the Russian Empire and was renamed Feodosiya (Феодосия) in 1802. It remained a small settlement until being united with the rest of Russian Empire by the railroad in 1892. Russian commercial port was trasnferred to Feodosiya in 1892, which boosted the town development.
Modern Feodosiya is a resort city with a population of about 85,000 people. It was awarded the title of resort city in 1990th. It has beaches, mineral springs, and mud baths, sanatoria, and rest homes. Apart from tourism, its economy rests on agriculture and fisheries, local industries include fishing, brewing and canning. As with much of the Crimea, most of its population is ethnically Russian, the Ukrainian language is infrequently used. The city is a modern transport hub with railroad, local port and motor roads.
Tourist locations include the Ayvazovsky Picture Gallery ), Aivazovsky fountain constructed in 1888 at the artist's expenses and by his own design. Ivan Aivazovsky lived and worked all his life in Feodosiya. Aivazovsky's Art Gallery in Feodosia became the first public gallery in Ukraine (1880). It has the biggest in the world collection of Ivan Aivazovsky paintings - 417 marine pictures. Othe rplaces to visit are monuments referring to World War period, the Genoa fortress, heavily damaged during WWII, Museum of delta planes, the fist and only museum of this kind in Europe. Hang-gliding paragliding competitions annually take place between Feodosiya and Koktebel. Literary and memorial museum of Alexander Green and Museum of sculptor V.I.Mukhina commemorate the names of famous Russians who were born there.
More about Feodosiya at Wikipedia
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